ZK | how to make the world a better place by building really good tools for learning﹖

⬡ Swimming Duck
- ⁓ every user-facing learning app needs to be a swimming duck
  - ⇄ beginner vs. expert
  - ◊ authoring tool
    - ◊ VR authoring tool
- > You press the button, we do the rest
⌣ knowledge acquisition rate
flow tunnel
- ⋱ create flow
  - ◊ flow
  - ◊ flow quadrant
- ~ mind not being challenged enough leads to complacency or bias
⇄ simulation room & debriefing room
- ⌣ emotion in learning
  - ⌣ anxiety in learning
- ◊ place
  - ◊ situated software
    - ◊ personalization
      - ⚗ is Anki's extensive config serving self-determination﹖
        
        ◊ manual setting of DoF in SR
        
        ◊ Magic Numbers in SR problem
        
        ⌣ zielgerichtetes Handeln
        
        ⌣ self-determination theory
        
        ⌣ cybernetics
  - ~ making people enter a magic circle means task buy-in
- > Action by itself is blind, reflection impotent.
- ◊ simulation
  - ~ Simulator ist Vorqualifikation
    - ~ get declarative knowledge out of the simulation
      - ⧖ what's the ideal learning app for pure declarative knowledge﹖
  - ◊ participatory simulation
- ◊ After Action Report
⋱ Aleatoricism
- ⌬ my own note-taking app
  - ⚗ I built my own note-taking system
  - ⊛ build a pkm app that replicates the experiences from notes on a table
⋱ make software
- ⋱ architect software
  - ⌣ cohesion
    - ⌣ cohesion⧸coupling quadrants
  - ⬡ Goldilocks Principle
  - > Anytime “mushed” accurately describes your architecture, you likely have a problem.
  - > Uncertainty multiplies through dependencies
  - ~ syncable state means bugs
    - ◊ state
  - > The competent programmer is fully aware of the strictly limited size of his own skull; therefore he approaches the programming task in full humility
  - > complexity very, very bad
    - ~ avoid complexity at all costs
  - ⬡ fast, slow, slower
  - ~ prepend parameter names with an indefinite article unless the object has a specific role
  - ~ inline the invocation, but don't inline the implementation
  - ~ warning systems do not warn that they can no longer warn
  - ⁓ the public folder of a js app is a little mini backend
  - ~ functions with no args are best, one arg is fine, two args are ok, more are mostly bad
  - ~ code only needs to be refactored if it needs to be changed
    - ~ if it ain't broke, don't fix it
  - ◊ refactoring
    - ~ don't greenfield
    - ~ judging the performance of parts of code is hard and unintuitive
    - ⬡ You aren’t gonna need it
  - ◊ declarative programming
  - ⬡ side effect
    - ~ functional code represents the problem in pure functions; interpreter runs the side effects
    - ~ if a function must have a side effect, make it affect its parent object
  - ⬡ Command Query Separation
  - > Measuring software productivity by lines of code is like measuring progress on an airplane by how much it weighs
  - ◊ Big Design Up Front
  - ◊ authentication
  - ~ give a dev the opportunity to build something complicated and undoubtedly the will
  - ~ call high-level django app 'config' and make another folder for all the apps
  - ~ function content should only be one abstraction layer lower than the function
  - ~ functions should only operate on one abstraction layer
  - ◊ feature-sliced design
  - ◊ state chart
- ⋱ innovate
  - ◊ idea
  - > Take a simple idea and take it seriously
  - > If it works, it's obsolete.
    - ~ innovation is applicable novelty
  - ◊ innovation
  - > Bad ideas is good, good ideas is terrific, no ideas is terrible.
    - ~ good ideas are based on many bad ones
- ~ accept no substitute for actually observing your (potential) users
  - ~ spend excessive amounts of time in presence of your customer
- ⋱ design a game
  - ⌣ motivation in game dev
  - ~ games introduce voluntary obstacles
    - ⁓ game development and UX have a complex relationship
  - ◊ twitch decision
  - Inverted U
  - ◊ game
    - > When we play a game, we volunteer to be challenged.
    - ⌣ agon, alea, mimicry, ilinx
    - ⌣ immersion
    - ⌣ usability in games
    - ◊ Baduk
      - ⊛ chicken sexing style go tutor where you estimate the score
      - ⚗ how would you learn playing go in your head﹖
    - ◊ sidescroller
    - ◊ game currency
    - ⌣ ludology
      - ⇄ ludology vs. narratology
  - > If you wish to develop a skill or impart knowledge, create a game that closely matches the end state you wish to achieve
  - > Mechanics that interact with many other mechanics smell like elegance.
  - ⁓ have side effects that change constrains
  - ~ have emergent complexity and your game is good
    - ◊ emergence
    - ~ emergent narrative is helped by randomness, AI, prodedural, agency and simulation
  - ~ ask﹕ can the player 'get good'﹖
  - ask﹕what's the Essential Experience﹖
  - ⊛ develop a team game
    - ⋱ build a multiplayer game
      - ⬡ yomi play
  - ⁓ learning game approach — keep core mechanic of, say, Pong but build another game
  - ~ you should know the dominant strat in your game as gamedev
  - ◊ trajectory story
  - ◊ intentional instability
  - ⁓ GBG changed my mind on visual coding
  - ◊ infinite game space
  - ⌣ economy
    - ⊛ economy simulator with repetition learning integration
      - ⊛ create a hub-style lang learning game where there is some mechanic of combining the static exercise types
  - ~ interface determines what players (or users) will try to do
  - ⁓ agency is opposed to 'limitation breeds creativity'
    - ⌣ agency
      - ◊ agent
  - ~ implement two interacting mechanics to make it interesting
    - ⚗ how do you do interacting mechanics in intellectual games﹖
      - ⌣ core game loop
        
        ⇄ short game loop vs. long game loop
        
        ~ short game loop is about engagement, long game loop is about retention
  - ◊ information balancing
  - ~ be engaging even without the gameplay
  - ⌣ market value curves
  - ~ before designing game loops, imagine the ideal play session
- ~ most products fail, even if executed competently
- ⬡ Omniscent Designer
- ⋱ make
  - > Simplify, then add lightness
    - > perfection is finally attained not when there is no longer anything to add, but when there is no longer anything to take away
  - > "extremely unsafe" and whatever, but works
  - > You cannot solve a problem you do not have
  - > You can’t have five North Stars
  - ~ it doesn't matter what you think of the problem
  - ◊ minimum valuable product
  - ⋱ plan
    - ~ pre-mortems stench overconfidence typical for new projects
      - ◊ Crystal Ball Technique
      - ~ use Crystal Ball Method to overcome fixation
    - ~ plans don't work on the battlefied
    - ~ find 30 solutions in 5 minutes
  - ~ never hesitate in front of the canvas
  - ~ in 1-person teams, no-testing no-tools may be the fastest approach
    - ~ you cannot write completely safe, validated frontend software
  - > any project worth doing might not work
  - > fix big problems first or weep hard
  - ⋱ build a startup
    - > Your target customers have to love you more than they hate change.
    - ~ B2B > B2C
    - > They own the problem, you own the solution
    - > Always try and incorporate short-term, immediate wins for a client
    - ~ launching your project successfully is not a guarantee of traffic long-term
      - ⋱ launch
        
        ~ post apps to dataisbeautiful if they are data-based
    - ~ build mini apps around your startup, launch them separately
    - ~ ads can be scaled as soon as you find a working approach (which is the hard part)
    - > Don’t start a business until people are asking you to
    - > Always start from the problem, not the solution
    - > You aren't running a charity. You're running a business. If people won't give you money for your product, you have an existential crisis on your hands.
      - ⁓ making something doesn't mean founding something
      - > It’s really hard to convince people to give you money
    - ⋱ price
      - > Charge as high a price as you can say out loud without cracking a smile.
      - > There is no strategic benefit to being the second cheapest in the marketplace, but there is for being the most expensive.
    - > Make people an offer so good they would feel stupid saying no.
    - > sell your product based on value not on price.
    - market > marketing > product
    - > Success hides problems
    - > People don't pay for solutions to problems they don't mind having
    - > A business should be run like an aquarium, where everybody can see what’s going on.
    - ⋱ market
      - > Engage with people. Don't just yell into the void.
      - > Provide meaningful, valuable content regularly.
      - ~ begin marketing with dreams, fears, emotional states and desired change
      - ~ to market, describe intended change
      - ~ do things that are 'just not done' in your industry
      - ~ what you sell is a new emotional state
      - ~ ask﹕before I showed up, where did people find products like mine﹖
      - ~ ask﹕ how does it make people look good to talk about your product﹖
      - ~ compete with everyone everywhere and you get nothing done
    - > People pay for speed
    - ~ set goal﹕ 5 conversations with new potential customers per week
    - ~ build plugins
    - ◊ offer
    - ~ post on BetaList
    - ~ offer momentum
    - ◊ marketing
      - ◊ permission marketing
        
        ~ contemporary customers can just ignore marketing
      - > What you say isn’t nearly as important as what others say about you.
      - ~ direct marketing should always be measured, brand marketing is unmeasurable
    - > The early adopters don’t ask for proof, but something to believe in.
      - > You can’t be perfect in the eyes of an early adopter; the best you can do is be interesting.
    - ~ make content by taking other content, copying it and putting your spin on it
    - ~ distribution over product
    - ~ get people to buy into your project by 'consulting' them on their opinion
    - ~ ask﹕who is paying the bills﹖
    - ~ your target customer should know they have a problem and trying to solve it
    - ~ accept that direct reports do things differently than you would
    - ~ it's useless to advertise to anyone except interested sneezers
    - ~ there is an infinite market for supporting laziness
    - ~ actually -compete- on price or value!
    - ~ logo, copy and design matter because people ask "what does this remind me of"
    - ~ companies want hard numbers about the benefit of learning initiatives
    - ~ if you said something less than 10 times you haven't said it enough
    - ~ $$$ is related to the size of the problem you're solving
    - ~ people prefer authentic asks for money over flashy marketing buttons
  - > Problems come in all shapes and sizes, and the only thing you can be absolutely certain about is that you will have some
  - > Weniger aber besser.
    - > simplify while learning
  - > give me the freedom of a tight brief
    - > Whom the gods wish to destroy, they give unlimited resources
    - ~ entrepreneurs do their best work when resource-constrained
    - > The 727 must seat 131 passengers, fly nonstop from Miami to New York City, and land on Runway 4-22 at La Guardia.
    - ⌣ crispiness
    - ~ to finish things, strictly limit scope
  - > even though I know I should trust the process, I don't
    - ⇄ input-oriented vs. result-oriented
      - ~ trust the process
  - > Occasionally, time spent reinventing the wheel results in a revolutionary new rolling device. But usually it just amounts to time spent reinventing the wheel.
  - ~ “This tree is too small” is not helpful early feedback
  - > Nobody knows anything
  - > Don't worry about people stealing an idea. If it's original, you will have to ram it down their throats.
  - > The opposite of “remarkable” is “very good.”
  - real life vs. digital
    - ~ physical objects have more impact than their digital pendants
  - ~ find one venue to master
  - ~ use off-the-shelf whenever possible
  - ~ you probably don't need money, just work on projects for fun
  - ⁓ in the real world, you cannot prevent leaky abstractions
    - ⁓ planning a bike shed isn't bikeshedding
  - ⬡ 80⧸20
    - ~ you don't need the best option, you just need an acceptable one
- > Never trust a test until you have seen it fail
- > Remember that there is no code faster than no code.
- > Build with monetization in mind
- > I regret to inform you that your code has to be deployed
- ~ point of TDD is to force you design your code to be testable
- ◊ automated testing
  - ~ untested code cannot be refactored
  - ~ manual testing is still testing, just more annoying
- > ask﹕ what demo can I do next
- > Our brains are terrible video game simulators.
- ⋱ document software
  - ~ do not use automatic documentation extraction for non-public code
  - ~ trying to mirror software's function in prose is a violation of SSoT doomed to fail
  - ◊ game design backlog
- ◊ user interface
  - > It tells you how fast you're going, how much fuel is left, and how much you are late. That's all you need to know.
  - Stephenson's description of the ideal glove interface
  - ◊ Virtual Reality
  - ~ the best interface is the one you can forget exists
  - ◊ haptic interface
    - ⚗ do haptic interfaces enable flow﹖
    - ◊ tactile
      - ◊ gesture
      - ◊ physical
  - ◊ no-overlay UI
  - ⌣ user experience
    - ◊ hostile design
    - ⌣ user interaction
  - ⁓ the input hardware of old Arcades is very interesting & inspiring
  - ◊ neumorphism
  - ~ use 6pt font to fit more data on the screen
- ◊ featuritis
- ◊ design
  - ⌣ interface design
- ⁓ always test websites on bad connections
- ⊛ accessibility first css framework
- ⊛ A plain-text-based UI for devlog changes
  - ⌬ themakerswalk
⋱ affect the world
- ⋱ change own behavior
- ⋱ build things people care about
- ⋱ communicate
- ~ get closer
~ experts know the basics of every adjacent field
> Apply new techniques, even when you don’t need to
- ⋱ learn
⬡ i⧸o loop
- ⌣ attention
◊ near transfer
- ⌣ transfer of learning
~ start with identifying ZPD precisely
- ⋱ design learning experience
  - educational video
  - ⁓ allow for discovery learning
    - ◊ discovery learning
      - ~ schema induction implies teaching isn't about 'covering content' but engineering schema building
- ~ solve the same problem twice
◊ Spaced Repetition
- ◊ Rapid Spaced Repetition
  - ⚗ what if you practice learning items ridiculously often in a small time frame﹖
- ◊ card stages
- ⊛ game to learn numbers in target languages
- ⁓ ideal initial interval for practicing a chord switch is definitely not 1 day
- ⁓ memory consolidation may be the goal of SR
- ~ any SR is so much better than none that the specific algo doesn't matter
- ⌣ cost per trial
  - ◊ trial
    - ◊ exercise
      - ⁓ teaching machines made multiple-choice big
      - ◊ learning queue
- ◊ trial-based scheduling
- ⁓ SR algos are incentivized to predict retention, not to optimize retention
- ~ putting something into a (good) SRS is costless
- > Repetition is the mother of learning
  - ◊ repetition
- ◊ no-feedback spaced repetition
  - > You can’t learn much from writing without a source of corrections.
  - ~ in learning, avoid the trap of tasks with no feedback
    - ◊ feedback
- ⌣ complexity of learning material
- ~ SR may lead to overfitting, because you learn only this answer to this question
- ◊ SR while walking
- ◊ flashcard
  - ◊ Leitner Box
  - ~ retrieval should include synthesis, reorganization, comparison, application and context variation
  - ⇄ self-made decks vs. auto-generated decks
    - handmade decks
      - ⁓ learning apps should focus way more on the creation of learning materials than the practice
    - ⧖ are ready-made decks slower in the end because you spend more time memorizing﹖
  - ◊ elaborative rehearsal
- ~ spaced repetition is barely effective
- ⊛ track in SR﹕was the first rep in this session correct﹖
- ◊ spaced repetition algorithm
- ◊ atomic learning content
- ◊ scheduling (learning)
  - ⇄ time-based vs. trial-based learning item scheduling
  - ◊ Voice of Ease
    - ⌣ success rate
    - ◊ Voice of Mediation
      - ◊ Voice of Todo
  - ⌣ instruction sequencing
- ⧖ is it problematic that SR only interacts with the lowest level of Bloom's taxonomy﹖
- ⌣ savings (spaced repetition)
- ⁓ instead of classifying items by difficulty in SR, how about we reduce difficulty﹖
⋱ measure learning success
- ~ response time is a measure of proficiency
- ~ savings by learning initiatives are easily measurable in $, employee growth only with more complex analysis
- ⁓ tracking stuff like 'trailing success rate' or 'streak correct' doesn't make sense if SR is counteracting
- ⚗ what's the best way of visualizing learner progress﹖
- ⌣ measurement
- ◊ apparent learning
  - ⁓ know whether your app should affect short-term or long-term memory
- ⌣ learning rate
- ⌣ return on learning
- ⬡ Teacher Expectancy Effect
- ~ not item acquisition rate counts, but relevant item acquisition rate
- ◊ dynamic assessment
⊛ represent expertise as production rules
image-making
- ~ limiting factor of loci building is image-making, which will get faster
- ◊ memory technique
◊ note-taking
- ~ goal of note-taking is not capturing info, it's reducing study time
  - ~ don't ask 'how to take notes', ask 'how to think better'
- ⁓ thinking of applications helps with creating connections
- ⊛ check out other people's Zettelkästen to understand good note structure
◊ user research
- > When you make assumptions about your users, you run the risk of being wrong
- > If you want to know what people might do in the future, you need them to tell you true stories about what they’ve done in the past
- ⋱ research
- ⇄ faster horses debate
  - ~ customers -can- actually articulate their problems
  - ~ you can't ask people what they want, because they want to be liked, so they'll just give you a 'likeable' answer
- > It’s always worth testing the sketch on the napkin.
- ◊ qualitative user research
- ⚗ where to find users to talk to﹖
- ⧖ how to manage user stories﹖
- ~ start user interviews with a genuine thanks
- ~ use Third-Party studies to understand consumer and user trends
- ◊ guerilla testing
- ⬡ "what you see is all there is" bias
- ~ most designers never watch people using their products
- ~ use affinity diagrams to understand user's mental model
- ~ Split Testing is susceptible to local maxima
⊛ Obsidian plugin based on title startswith prop
⬡ lead magnet
- ⋱ sales
  - ⬡ first step for free, sell next steps
⬡ hook, retain, reward
- ⬡ hook
  - > “User Engagement” Is Code for “Addiction”
- ⬡ reward
- ⋱ make content
- ~ mini essays structure﹕ intro, body, conclusion
  - ⋱ write mini essay
⋱ design a learning tool
- ⋱ design a learning game
  - ⁓ when building learning games, you only control part of the problem space
  - ⚗ how to pace learning games﹖
- ◊ learning tool
- > Variable rewards are not magic fairy dust
- ◊ domain-specific language
- ⬡ chocolate-covered broccoli
- ⁓ don't trust that my learning experience is the same as that of others
  - ⁓ other people seem to be way more consistent with duolingo than me
- ⊛ test including prev. skill assessment in a learning tool
- ~ if you are designing a learning experience, first define what excellence looks like
- ⊛ build a learning tool for every category in Bloom's
- ⊛ build practice software for certificates
  - ⚗ how to do deliberate practice in software﹖
    - ⊛ tailwind learning app
- ~ perceived ease of use improves learning
- ~ brain research is not sufficiently developed to guide learning experience creation
- ⁓ there is an initial phase where the flow tunnel is hard to hit because of lack of data
> Serve businesses, not people. People will do anything to not pay.
◊ Page Fragments
- ⌣ interactivity
  - ◊ coyote time
- ⁓ an important procedural skill is relating declarative knowledge bits
  - ⇄ procedural learning vs. declarative learning
  - ⌬ karten
◊ language islands
- ◊ language learning strategy
- ◊ sentence learning
⬡ paradigm shift
~ superior memory is explained by spatial learning
- ⁓ my brain embodies my bike's speed and brake capabilities and adapts my world model
⋱ finish things
- ⋱ be productive
- ~ enthusiastically diving into a project is resistance
  - ~ resistance is protean
    - ◊ resistance
      - > Resistance is like a telemarketer; if you so much as say hello, you’re finished.
⬡ Adapter Pattern
- ◊ design pattern
  - ⬡ dependency injection
~ examples of user empowerment﹕ command line, spread sheet, the internet
- ⌣ user empowerement
  - ~ if your pilot can be a hero, your system has already failed
  - > NASA had a huge staff of geniuses to understand and care for their software. Your phone has you.
> Don’t read this book for its content; read its content for its practices.
headword
- ⌣ linguistics
- ◊ Bouma shape
- ◊ word
  - ~ words are mental shortcuts
    - ~ better abbreviations mean better thinking
    - ◊ math notation
  - ◊ preposition
    - ⊛ Taxi Cairo Berlin
    - ◊ lokale Präposition
memory drum
- ⊛ build a memory drum
- ◊ memory
  - ◊ knot systems as memory aid
  - ◊ interference theory
    - how to predict⧸detect items interfering with each other﹖
      - if you force interfering learning items into context, does that help encoding﹖
        
        ⇄ avoiding interference vs. attacking interference
> technology must never be accepted as part of the natural order of things
- ◊ automation
~ SQLite is an excellent db, even deployed
~ delay decisions until the decisions would be made for you by inaction
- ◊ decision making
⇄ refactor vs. restructure
> If you think Psychological Science was bad in the 2010-2015 era, you can’t imagine how bad it was back in 1999
- ◊ psychology
  - ~ cognitivism extended Stimulus-Response (SR) to Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR)
    - ⌣ stimulus-organism-response
      - ⌣ stimulus-response model
~ systems often start integrated, then evolve into modules
- ~ you have neither no power nor infinite power
  - ⌣ system theory
◊ compartmentalization
◊ breadth-first
- ⇄ depth-first vs. breadth-first
- ◊ Interleaving
memorizing poetry
- ⊛ app to memorize poetry
  - ⊛ app to remember stories
- ⚗ how to memorize quotes﹖
~ material can be learned during testing
- ⇄ testing vs. practicing
  - ◊ practice
⌬ minimal pairs trainer
- ◊ audio-based language learning
  - ◊ walking audio method
    - ⊛ casual, low feedback SR idea﹕ target lang audio, and you judge how hard a given soundbit was
  - ⧖ how to memorize the Odyssee while knitting with audio only SR﹖
⊛ chatgpt extension﹕ learn something while the llm is thinking
- ⚗ do we need way more recognition practice to spot when the AI is producing garbage﹖
⌣ Hick's Law
> language is simply a means of telling stories
> For every complex problem, there is an answer that is clear, simple, and wrong
- ⋱ handle information
> When you’re ill or injured, the world becomes one of can’ts
- ⌣ accessibility
  - ⌣ usability
    - ~ usability is basic manners
      - ~ usability is the absolute minimum
    - kayak problems
  - > When you live in a world that isn’t built for you, it’s probably easier to envisage how it can be improved.
◊ work in public
- > Primum vivere, deinde philosophari
  - ~ doing should outdo thinking
  - ~ do the thing, then read the book
- ~ allow others to stand on your shoulders
- > The writing community is full of lame-o people who want to be published in journals even though they don’t read the magazines that they want to be published in
- ⁓ I hate long-form blogging
  - ⌬ publish from Obsidian
- ◊ blog
- ~ ask﹕ what is your core message﹖
- ~ make one for you, one for them
> The UNIX command line is the quintessential end-user programming environment.
> At this level of the development of self-regulation, players begin to develop a mental model of the game that allows them to move from the concrete experiences of the serious game to more abstract notions of the game
> academia is struggling at doing science nowadays also because you’re stuck doing all kinds of other things with your time rather than actual research
- > Whether the work has any relevance to broader issues is seldom addressed
> My work on this was an extremely long-drawn-out affair, and it was only after some twenty years of it that I reached some degree of understanding of my fantasies
- > Most people overestimate what they can do in one year and underestimate what they can do in ten years
- ◊ long-term commitment
  - ~ specifically envision how long you will keep doing a skill
> Run in the other direction
- ⋱ position
- ~ find the two axes where you are the extreme
  - ~ ask﹕ is your product the best at anything worth measuring﹖
> (DBR-style) research can change reality rather than just study it
> Command-line interface isn't simply text, it's a conversational UI.
> Learn three new things before you come back to us
> The blade itself incites to deeds of violence
- ⬡ affordances
⋱ read
- ⁓ the retained value of books for me is based almost exclusively on singular, out-of-context quotes
- ~ read a page of a book, close the book, write down what you remember
  - ◊ Free Recall with a Paper
    - ◊ compressing and recompressing
- ~ read quickly by reading a lot on one topic
  - ⚗ is note-taking while reading worth it﹖
- ◊ SQ3R method
- ~ reading too fast or too slow is harmful
◊ fact
- ⌣ skills, facts, concepts
  - ⌣ knowledge, personality, skills, meta cognition
    - ~ conscious skill acquisition is only possible if base knowledge exists
⊛ make a lang learning game purely based on comprehension
- ◊ learning theory
  - ⌣ exemplar theory
◊ loosely coupled
- ~ heuristics work because the world is loosely coupled
⊛ learning game﹕ adventure capitalist with learning-related quests
◊ loci
- ◊ Time Palace
- ⊛ CS﹕GO maps as loci
- ⚗ what is worth memorizing in a memory palace﹖
- Willem Wagenaar remembering 6 years of random days by small clues
◊ commander’s intent
- ◊ communication
  - ~ the words 'no' or 'not' are often literally not processed by the listener
    - ~ proverbs are a role model of simple and profound communication
~ you can't use reels to teach complex content
- ⌬ withvideos
◊ Intelligent Tutoring System
- ◊ Bayesian Knowledge Tracing
  - ⊛ implement Bayesian Knowledge Tracing
- ⌣ constraint-based modeling
- ◊ teaching machine
  - ~ learning machines have low retention and transfer
- ◊ Cognitive tutor
◊ description-similarity slip
- ◊ error
⊛ situation on the Hail Mary as a learning game
- ⁓ people speak like Anjin-san when having to learn a language for communication
- ⊛ build a language decipher game along a story like Diamond Dogs
  - ⊛ build a learning game mirroring Outer Wilds
- ⊛ Sturmflut coordination game in Frisian
⇄ nature vs. nurture
- > I have always maintained that excepting fools, men did not differ much in intellect, only in zeal and hard work.
  - > By nature, men are nearly alike; by practice, they get to be wide apart.
- > IQ is copium
  - ◊ intelligence
  - ◊ IQ
    - ~ WW1 pushed intelligence testing
- ~ Savants tend to excel in narrow domains with logical rules
> My working habits are simple - long periods of thinking, short periods of writing.
◊ high acuity, low occurrence
- > Simulation-based technical skills training is now ubiquitous in medicine, particularly for high acuity, low occurrence (HALO) procedures
> I'm always thinking about how to measure distances in the universe
how to start learning app projects with building a toy﹖
⌬ learn the world map
- ⊛ infer interestingness of countries for map game by reddit search hits
- to understand the world map you also need to be able to name countries based on shape and position
- ⊛ software like mapgame ...but to genuinely understand relevant events﹖
- ⧖ how to memorize countries on the world map﹖
~ don't demand global solutions to local problems
⊛ software that tells you what to look for on train or bus rides
⬡ shiny object syndrome
⇄ skill gap vs. knowledge gap